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野性的呼喚
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| 基本資料 | |
| 作品原名 | The Call of the Wild |
|---|---|
| 作品譯名 | 野性的呼喚、荒野的呼喚 |
| 原作載體 | 小說 |
| 原作作者 | 傑克·倫敦（Jack London） |
| 改編載體 | 電影、動畫 |
《野性的呼喚》（英語：The Call of the Wild）是一部由美國作家傑克·倫敦（Jack London）創作並於1903年首次出版的中篇小說。
原作介紹
作品講述了一條普通的飽受文明社會薰陶的寵物犬，在艱苦的淘金熱中逐步回歸荒野的故事。作品延續了作者「生存」的主旨，著重描寫了與自然不斷抗爭求生並不得不獲得力量的頑強生命，在殘酷而又公正的自然法則之下，一點一點學會了各種狡猾的技巧並將其發揮到極致。
故事梗概
巴克（Buck）原是米勒法官家的一條狗，一直都住在位於聖克拉拉山谷中一個溫暖而又漂亮的莊園裡。「他的父親是一條體格魁梧的聖伯納狗，而母親則是蘇格蘭牧羊犬，它這種優良血統和矯健的體格以及莊園裡普遍的尊重而產生的威嚴，使它具有了貴族的氣質。」
然而「阿拉斯加的淘金熱使得人們一批又一批地湧向了北極地區。在那只有冰和雪構成的世界裡，雪撬是唯一的交通工具。而雪橇這種東西就需要體魄健壯的狗——既能當苦役，又能忍受得了冰寒。於是，沿著太平洋海岸，從布潔得灣到聖地牙哥港，所有體格強壯、長毛耐寒的狗，都受到了一場前所未有的威脅。」
而巴克，他做夢也沒想到那個法官莊園裡的園丁助手莫紐爾其實是一個不值得信賴的人。就在一天的大家都十分忙碌的晚上，巴克還以為又是一如平時的散步，卻在那時被賣到了美國北部那寒冷偏遠、但卻盛產黃金的阿拉斯加，成了一隻拉雪橇的狗。
自此之後，艱苦的雪橇犬生活使得巴克一次又一次的陷入死或生的邊緣，艱苦的環境不僅鍛就了一副鐵打銅築的身軀，還造就了一副奸邪狡黠的個性……最後在各種因素的推動下，回歸荒野。
作品章節
- 一路向北（To the north）
- 棍棒和牙齒法則（The law of club and tooth）
- 野獸（The wild animal）
- 新的頭犬（The new lead-dog）
- 更艱苦的工作（More hard work）
- 出於對一個男人的愛（For the love of a man）
- 野性的呼喚（The call of the wild）
小說中英對照
版權資訊：該小說版權已屬於公共版權。本段英文是原文，中文是參考翻譯。更多閱讀請購買相關實體書或電子書。
第一章
Buck did not read the newspapers. He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California. Men had found gold in the Yukon, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work in the cold and snow of the north.
巴克不曾讀過報紙，自然也不會知道人們在育空河發現了黃金，也不會知道人們需要高大而又強壯的、能夠適應在北方嚴寒的冰雪環境中工作的狗。而這對加利福尼亞的每一條大狗來說，都無疑會是一場大麻煩。
Buck lived in Mr. Miller’s big house in the sunny Santa Clara valley There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house, and a river nearby. In a big place like this, of course, there were many dogs There were house dogs and farm dogs, but they were not important. Buck was chief dog; he was born here, and this was his place. He was four years old and weighed sixty kilos. He went swimming with Mr. Miller’s sons, and walking with his daughters. He carried the grandchildren on his back, and he sat at Mr. Miller’s feet in front of the fire in winter.
在聖克拉拉市一個陽光明媚的山谷中，巴克就住在米勒先生的大房子裡。房子的周圍有著一個大花園以及成片的果樹，旁邊還有一條小河流過。像這樣開闊的地方，自然也有著許多的狗，像是看門狗或是牧羊犬的，但他們並不是主角。巴克才是這裡的頭頭，他已經四歲了，體重超過60公斤，生在這長在這，這裡儼然就成了他的地盤。他會和米勒先生的兒子一起游泳，也會陪著他的女兒們一起去散步，有時還會給米勒先生的孫兒們當馬騎，而到了冬天，他就會在爐火前靠著米勒先生的腳坐著。
But this was 1897, and Buck did not know that men and dogs were hurrying to north-west Canada to look for gold. And he did not know that Manuel, one of Mr. Miller’s gardeners, needed money for his large family. One day, when Mr. Miller was out, Manuel and Buck left the garden together. It was just an evening walk, Buck thought. No one saw them go, and only one man saw them arrive at the railway station. This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money. Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck’s neck.
然後到了1897年，巴克對於人們帶著狗，爭先恐後地湧向加拿大西北部的這股淘金熱並不知情，當然他更不知道，米勒先生家的園丁莫紐爾需要錢來養活他的一大家子。一天，趁著米勒先生外出，莫紐爾帶著巴克一起離開了莊園，巴克理所當然地認為這只是傍晚的散步而已。只有一個人看著他們來到了火車站，除此之外無人所見。這個人和莫紐爾說了些什麼，然後塞給他一些錢，隨後就將一條繩子繫到了巴克的脖子上。
Buck growled, and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck. He jumped at the man. The man caught him and suddenly Buck was on his back with his tongue out of his mouth. For a few moments he was unable to move, and it was easy for the two men to put him into the train.
巴克立刻開始咆哮起來，卻吃驚地發現這股繩子被緊緊地勒在他的脖子上。於是他就跳起來撲向那個人，但那人一把就抓住了巴克並把他摔在地上。這一摔不僅讓他仰面朝天就連舌頭都被被拽了出來，過了好一會兒都沒能緩過來一直動彈不得。於是這兩個人輕而易舉地就把巴克送上了火車。
When Buck woke up, the train was still moving. The man was sitting and watching him, but Buck was too quick for him and he bit the man’s hand hard. Then the rope was pulled again and Buck had to let go.
當巴克醒來的時候，火車還在開，而那人就坐著看著他。在那人反應過來之前，巴克立刻狠狠地咬上了那人的手，但脖子上的繩子就又一次被勒緊，於是巴克不得不放了他。
That evening, the man took Buck to the back room of a bar in San Francisco. The barman looked at the man’s hand and trousers covered in blood.
那天晚上，那個人把巴克帶到舊金山一間酒吧的後屋裡。（俗語：Under the table）酒吧老闆看了看那人血跡斑斑的手和長褲。
‘How much are they paying you for this?’ he asked.
「這條狗你要價多少？」他問。
‘I only get fifty dollars.’
「我只掙50美元。」
‘And the man who stole him—how much did he get?’ asked the barman.
「那那個偷狗的呢？他要多少？」酒吧老闆問道。
‘A hundred. He wouldn’t take less.’
「100美元。他一分都不肯讓。」
‘That makes a hundred and fifty. It’s a good price for a dog like him. Here, help me to get him into this.’
「那就是150美元了。對於這樣的狗來說，倒真是個不錯的價格。這邊來，幫我把他弄到這裡去。」
They took off Buck’s rope and pushed him into a wooden box. He spent the night in the box in the back room of the bar. His neck still ached with pain from the rope, and he could not understand what it all meant. What did they want with him, these strange men? And where was Mr. Miller?
他們解開巴克的繩索，然後把他推進一隻木箱，於是他就在酒吧的後屋的那個木箱中過了一夜。他的脖子因為被繩子勒過依舊疼痛不已，對於這裡的一切他也仍不明白意味著什麼。這些陌生人在指望他些什麼呢？米勒先生又在哪呢？
The next day Buck was carried in the box to the railway station and put on a train to the north. For two days and nights the train travelled north, and for two days and nights Buck neither ate nor drank. Men on the train laughed at him and pushed sticks at him through the holes in the box. For two days and nights Buck got angrier and hungrier and thirstier. His eyes grew red and he bit anything that moved.
第二天，巴克被關在木箱裡被運到火車站，然後被送上了北去的列車。火車持續向北開了兩天兩夜，而在這兩天兩夜中，巴克又沒吃又沒喝，火車上的人們還不斷嘲笑他，用木棍從箱子上的洞中伸進去捅他。這兩天兩夜中，巴克愈發饑渴愈發憤怒。他紅著眼睛開始撕咬所有會動的東西。
In Seattle four men took Buck to a small, high-walled back garden, where a fat man in an old red coat was waiting. Buck was now very angry indeed and he jumped and bit at the sides of his box. The fat man smiled and went to get an axe and a club.
在西雅圖，四個人把巴克抬進一座小小的但卻有高高院牆的莊園裡，在那等著的是一個穿著舊紅外套的胖男人。此時的巴克著實已經狂暴、憤怒到了極點，他跳著，啃咬起木箱的邊緣。那胖子微微一笑，走去拿來一把斧子和一根粗木棍。
‘Are you going to take him out now?’ asked one of the men.
「你打算現在就這樣把他放出來？」其中一人問道。
‘Of course,’ answered the fat man, and he began to break the box with his axe.
「那可不。」胖子這麼說著，就開始用斧子劈起了木箱。
Immediately the four other men climbed up onto the wall to watch from a safe place.
於是其他的這四個人立刻就爬到了院牆上，從安全的地方觀望著。
As the fat man hit the box with his axe, Buck jumped at the sides, growling and biting, pulling with his teeth at the pieces of broken wood. After a few minutes there was a hole big enough for Buck to get out.
當那個胖子用斧頭劈木箱時，巴克也在邊緣處跳著、咆哮著、撕咬著，用牙齒扯破木板。不一會兒，就搞出了一個大到足以讓巴克鑽出來的洞了。
‘Now, come here, red eyes,’ said the fat man, dropping his axe and taking the club in his right hand.
「現在，來吧，小紅眼。正面上我」那胖子說著扔下了斧頭，右手立刻抄起木棍。
Buck jumped at the man, sixty kilos of anger, his mouth wide open ready to bite the man’s neck. Just before his teeth touched the skin, the man hit him with the club. Buck fell to the ground. It was the first time anyone had hit him with a club and he did not understand. He stood up, and jumped again. Again the club hit him and he crashed to the ground. Ten times he jumped at the man, and ten times the club hit him. Slowly he got to his feet, now only just able to stand. There was blood on his nose and mouth and ears. Then the fat man walked up and hit him again, very hard, on the nose. The pain was terrible. Again, Buck jumped at the man and again he was hit to the ground. A last time he jumped, and this time, when the man knocked him down, Buck did not move.
巴克帶著60公斤的憤怒撲向那個人，張大了嘴準備一口咬住那人的脖子。但就在他的牙齒碰到皮膚之前，那人就用棍子砸了他一下，巴克立刻摔倒在地。這還是頭一次有人用棍子打他，他有點不知所措。他站了起來，再次撲去，然後棍子再次把他砸癱在地。他連著10次撲過去都被木棍打倒。他慢慢地站起來，但也只能勉強站立了。鮮血從他的口鼻和耳朵中湧出來。然後那人走上前，往他的鼻子上狠狠地砸了一棍。劇痛襲來，巴克再次撲向那人，但又被打倒在地。這最後一次的撲擊，當那人把他打倒時，巴克就再也沒有動彈一下了。
‘He knows how to teach a dog a lesson,’ said one of the men on the wall. Then the four men jumped down and went back to the station.
「他可是很明白怎麼教訓狗的。」牆上的一個人這麼說，然後這四個人就跳了下來回車站去了。
‘His name is Buck,’ said the fat man to himself, reading the letter that had come with the box. ‘Well, Buck, my by,’ he said in a friendly voice, ‘we’ve argued a little, and I think the best thing to do now is to stop. Be a good dog and we’ll be friends. But if you’re a bad dog, I’ll have to use my club again. Understand?’
「他的名字叫巴克。」那胖子自言自語道，讀著寫在被帶來的木箱上的字母。「好吧，巴克，我的孩子，」他用友好的語氣說道，「我們有過一個小小的爭鬥，但我想我們現在最好停戰。做條好狗，我們會成為朋友的。但若是你要做條壞狗，我就不得不再用棍子對付你了，明白嗎？」
As he spoke, he touched Buck’ s head, and although Buck was angry inside, he did not move. When the man brought him water and meat, Buck drank and then ate the meat, piece by piece, from the man’s hand.
如他所說，他開始笑摸狗頭，雖然巴克內心依舊不服，但他沒有再反抗。而當那人給他拿來水和肉時，巴克喝了水，然後從那人的手上一片又一片地吃著肉。
Buck was beaten (he knew that) but he was not broken. He had learnt that a man with a club was stronger than him. Every day he saw more dogs arrive, and each dog was beaten by the fat man. Buck understood that a man with a club must be obeyed, although he did not have to be a friend.
儘管巴克挨了打了也自知被狠狠打了一頓，但他並沒有被打垮。他知道那個拿棍子的男人比他強大。他每天都會看見許多狗被送進來，然後無一例外會被痛打一頓。於是，巴克深深地明白了必須服從拿著棍子的人，儘管不必和那個人成為朋友。
Men came to see the fat man and to look at the dogs. Some-times they paid money and left with one or more of the dogs. One day a short, dark man came and looked at Buck.
人們會來找胖子看狗，有時他們付了錢牽走一隻或更多的狗。一天一個黑矮的人來了，他看中了巴克。
‘That’s a good dog!’ he cried. ‘How much do you want for him?’
「那可是條好狗！」他叫道。「你賣多少錢？」
‘Three hundred dollars. It’s a good price, Perrault,’ said the fat man.
「300美元。這是個好價錢，佩諾特。」那胖子說。
Perrault smiled and agreed that it was a good price. He knew dogs, and he knew that Buck was an excellent dog.
佩諾特笑了，他知道這價錢正合適。他熟知狗的門道，明白巴克確實是一條出類拔萃的狗。
‘One in ten thousand,’ Perrault said to himself.
「千里挑一。」佩諾特暗暗想道。
Buck saw money put into the fat man’ s hand, and he was not surprised when he and another dog called Curly were taken away by Perrault. He took them to a ship, and later that day Buck and Curly stood and watched the coast get further and further away. They had seen the warm south for the last time.
巴克看見錢被塞到了那胖子的手裡，並且當他和另一條叫科莉的狗被佩諾特帶走時，他已不覺得奇怪了。佩諾特把他們帶上船，那天晚些時候，巴克和科莉站在船上看著漸行漸遠的海岸，這就是他們最後一次看見溫暖的南方了。後來科莉死了
Perrault took Buck and Curly down to the bottom of the ship. There they met another man, Francois. Perrault was a French-Canadian, but Francois was half-Indian, tall and dark. Buck learnt quickly that Perrault and Francois were fair men, calm and honest. And they knew everything about dogs.
佩諾特把巴克和科莉帶到船尾，然後在那裡他們見到了另一個人，弗朗索瓦斯。佩諾特是法國與加拿大的混血兒，弗朗索瓦斯則有一半印第安人的血統，又黑又高。巴克很快就了解佩諾特和費朗索瓦斯是個好人，誠實、冷靜，並且他們熟知狗的一切。
There were two other dogs on the ship. One was a big dog called Spitz, as white as snow. He was friendly to Buck at first, always smiling. He was smiling when he tried to steal Buck’ s food at the first meal. Francois was quick and hit Spitz before Buck had time to move. Buck decided that this was fair, and began to like Francois a little.
船上還有兩隻別的狗，其中一隻大狗叫斯皮茲，如雪般一身白。起初對巴克挺友好的樣子，常帶微笑。但在第一頓飯時，他就一邊笑著一邊企圖偷吃巴克的食物。在巴克反應過來之前，弗朗索瓦斯就揍了斯皮茲一下。巴克覺得這事挺公平的，稍稍喜歡起了弗朗索瓦斯。
Dave, the other dog, was not friendly. He wanted to be alone all the time. He ate and slept and was interested in nothing.
另一隻狗是戴夫，他喜歡獨自呆著，並不友善，除了吃和睡之外，對其他事物完全沒有興趣。
One day was very like another, but Buck noticed that the weather was getting colder. One morning, the ship’s engines stopped, and there was a feeling of excitement in the ship. Francois leashed the dogs and took them outside. At the first step Buck’s feet went into something soft and white. He jumped back in surprise. The soft, white thing was also falling through the air, and it fell onto him. He tried to smell it, and then caught some on his tongue. It bit like fire, and then dis appeared. He tried again and the same thing happened. People were watching him and laughing, and Buck felt ashamed, although he did not know why. It was his first snow.
日子一如往常一樣普通，除了巴克留意到天氣漸漸地在變冷之外。之後的一個早晨，輪船的引擎終於停了，船上有著一股令人興奮的感覺。弗朗索瓦斯用繩子拴好狗，把他們帶出船艙。巴克踏出的第一步就陷入一種柔軟而又潔白的東西里，驚慌失措之中，他跳了回去。而那柔軟潔白的東西也又從空中飄下來，落在他的身上。他嘗試著聞了聞，又伸出舌頭舔了舔，但嘗起來卻像火一樣，隨後立刻就消失了。他又試了試，還是同樣的結果。人們看著他笑了起來，雖然巴克不知道為什麼，但他還是害羞了。 畢竟這還是他頭一次遇見雪。
衍生作品
電影
《野性的呼喚》被改編過多次，故事內容偏重點和結局也略有不同
1935版1935年8月9日在美國首映
- 美國：1935年8月9日
- 丹麥：1935年11月12日
- 芬蘭：1936年1月5日
- 日本：1936年1月22日
- 德國：1937年4月23日
- 奧地利：1937年9月24日
- 義大利：1938年7月1日
- 英屬香港：1946年6月13日
1972版 1972年11月30日在義大利首映
- 義大利：1972年11月30日
- 西德：1972年12月29日
- 西班牙：1972年12月21日
- 挪威：1973年2月16日
- 法國：1973年10月11日
- 英國：1973年
- 芬蘭：1974年3月1日
- 丹麥：1974年6月10日
- 瑞典：1974年9月2日
- 美國：1975年3月
1997版於1997年6月22日首映
動畫版
由東映動畫於1981年製作。標題名改為「荒野の叫び声 吠えろバック」，直譯：《荒野的呼聲 咆哮吧巴克》本子一貫喜歡的副標題風格。